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Researchers are gradually getting closer to AIs that can explain their reasoning and learn from their mistakes, leading to a future where we can rely on AI withoutsecond-guessing its “thought” process. Imagine asking an AI model, “Is 9.11 bigger than 9.8?” Whenit responds, “Yes, it’s bigger,” the answer would surprise you.But this isn’t a trick question – it’s basic math. The AI was treating 9.11 and 9.8 as if they were Bible verses or dates, where chapter 9, verse 11 comes after verse 8, or September 11 is later than September 8. It’s a quirky mistake, but it points to a much bigger issue in AI: sometimes, these models reach confident conclusions based on patterns that don’t apply to the question. And when AI is used in crucial fields like medicine or law, even minor misunderstandings can have significant consequences. That’s why researchers at Google DeepMind are delving into “how” AI models make these decisions, developing tools to expose the AI’s internal logic and pinpoint its “thought” process. Such unexpected responses are becoming more common as we use AI for increasingly complex tasks. Take another example: some language models may associate certain professions with specific genders based on biased patterns in the data. If you ask the model, “Who is the chief surgeon?” it might automatically assume a male pronoun, even though the gender of the surgeon isn’t specified. This is a type of “silly” but potentially damaging assumption AI might make due to patterns it learned in the training data. Without understanding “why” the...
The recent OpenAI-Anduril partnership reflects a paradigm shift away from traditional giants in the defence industry. Yet, such advances demand careful ethical vigilance to prevent unintended consequences. The challenge lies in balancing innovation with accountability – critical for ensuring security and sustaining trust in transformative technologies. Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly becoming a cornerstone of modern warfare. OpenAI, renowned for its AI capabilities like ChatGPT, has recently ventured into defence through a partnership with Anduril Industries, a collaboration that seeks to integrate advanced AI technologies into US military operations, addressing growing global security challenges and redefining the role of technology in national defence. OpenAI, Anduril and the Pentagon Anduril Industries has emerged as a disruptor in the defence industry with products ranging from autonomous drones to border surveillance systems. In partnering with OpenAI, the company aims to bring cutting-edge generative AI technologies into its arsenal whilst providing the US military with real-time data analysis, decision support and autonomous capabilities, enhancing operational efficiency. A key focus is on countering emerging threats, including adversarial drone swarms and cyberattacks. OpenAI’s AI models, combined with Anduril’s hardware expertise, aim to develop solutions that can identify and neutralise threats in seconds – a critical capability in modern warfare. The partnership also aligns with the Pentagon’s overarching strategy to integrate AI into defence systems at scale. Initiatives like the Department of Defense’s (DoD) Replicator Program underscore the urgency of deploying thousands of autonomous systems across land, sea, and air domains. The goal is to ensure the US maintains its technological edge...
Part 1 – Change, Challenge, Value As businesses evolve, so too must the institutions that educate their future leaders – ensuring that business schools remain an integral part of the educational landscape. And they are doing exactly that! In recent years, the role of business schools has come under scrutiny. With the rapid evolution of the business environment, driven by technology, globalisation, and changing workforce expectations, many are questioning whether traditional business education remains relevant. But can we yet ignore the relevance of business schools and their enduring value, despite all their challenges? The Changing Business Landscape The 21st century has brought unprecedented changes to how businesses operate. The rise of digital technology has transformed industries, and companies are increasingly relying on data analytics, artificial intelligence, and digital marketing strategies. Furthermore, globalisation has expanded markets and intensified competition – requiring businesses to adapt quickly to new trends and consumer behaviours. In this context, some argue that traditional business education, with its focus on theoretical frameworks and case studies from decades past, may not adequately prepare students for the realities of modern business. Critics suggest that the pace of change in the business world outstrips the ability of academic institutions to keep up, leading to a perceived disconnect between what is taught and what is needed in the marketplace. The Value of Business Schools Despite criticisms, business schools continue to offer significant value in several key areas: Foundational Knowledge: Business schools provide a strong foundation in core business principles. Courses in finance, marketing, management, and operations...
Part 2 – Curriculum for Changing Times As we move forward, the continued evolution of business school curricula will be essential in shaping the leaders of tomorrow – ensuring they are not only proficient in their fields but also equipped to address the pressing challenges of a future society In Part 1, we discussed how the landscape of business education is evolving rapidly, driven by technological advancements, globalisation, and shifting workforce expectations. Consequently, business schools are under increasing pressure to adapt their curricula to prepare students for a dynamic and complex world. Let us explore the key shifts in approach that business schools are undertaking to modify their programs in sync with the complexities and challenges of the 21st century. 1. Emphasis on Digital Literacy Digital literacy has become a cornerstone of business competence. With the rise of big data, artificial intelligence, and digital marketing, business schools are integrating technology-focused courses into their curricula. Programs now often include data analytics, machine learning, and information systems management, ensuring that graduates are not only comfortable with technology but can leverage it to make informed business decisions. For instance, many business schools have introduced specialised tracks focused on Data Science, including data analytics and digital transformation. Such coursesteach students to analyse large datasets and draw actionable insights – a crucial skill in an era of data-driven business strategy. The institutions are also partnering with tech companies to provide real-world case studies and projects, enhancing the learning experience. 2. Integration of Artificial Intelligence and Technology The rise of artificial...
With geopolitical competition fiercer than ever, Donald Trump’s re-election could ignite a seismic shift in the global race for critical minerals – intensifying US efforts to wrest control of mineral supply chains from rivals like China and Russia. Tariffs – taxes imposed on imported goods – have long been used as a tool of economic policy to shield Across every industry, from clean-tech to automobiles, mobile phones, medical equipment, defence, electronics manufacture, critical minerals are indispensable for the global economy. In 2023, lithium demand surged by 30%, primarily driven by the expansion of electric vehicles (EVs) and battery storage systems. By 2035, anticipated mine supply from announced projects is expected to meet only 50% of the global lithium requirements, indicating a substantial shortfall. Let’s look at some big numbers; approximately 600 kilograms of rare earth elements are required per megawatt of wind power capacity; a single EV battery can contain approximately 8 kilograms of lithium, 14 kilograms of cobalt, and 20 kilograms of nickel; Cobalt-60, a radioactive isotope of cobalt, is employed in cancer treatment through radiation therapy. No wonder that control over critical mineral sources and supply chains have become the latest geopolitical battleground. Donald Trump’s re-election as US President could ignite a seismic shift in the global race for critical minerals, which are essential for technologies rangingfrom renewable energy to military applications. His administration from 2017 to 2021 saw sweeping policies aimed at reshaping the United States’ approach to resource security, including invoking the Defence Production Act for critical minerals and expanding domestic...
Import tariffs have long been wielded as a tool of economic policy, promising to shield domestic industries from foreign competition and bolster national economic resilience. But do they truly protect firms, or do they impose unintended costs that outweigh their benefits? Tariffs – taxes imposed on imported goods – have long been used as a tool of economic policy to shield domestic industries from foreign competition. The idea is simple: by increasing the cost of foreign products, consumers will be incentivised to purchase domestically produced goods, helping protect jobs and bolster national industries. This policy has been applied throughout history, with varying levels of success. The United States’ use of tariffs, for example, dates back to the early days of the republic. The Tariff of 1789, one of the first acts of Congress, was designed to generate revenue for the federal government and protect fledgling American industries from foreign competition. Throughout the 19th century, tariffs played a central role in funding government operations and promoting industrialisation. The Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act of 1930 marked a controversial chapter in tariff history. Enacted during the Great Depression, it significantly raised duties on thousands of imports, aiming to protect American farmers and manufacturers. Instead, it exacerbated the global economic downturn as retaliatory tariffs from trading partners crippled international trade. More recently in 2018, the Trump administration imposed tariffs on steel and aluminium imports, among others, under the name of protecting national security. These tariffs aimed to revive the domestic steel industry but triggered widespread debate about their economic ramifications....
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